Technical Guides

Master Material Specifications

In-depth guides to help you understand technical specifications and make informed material selections.

Safety
Slip Resistance Standards
Understanding R-ratings, pendulum tests, and when to use anti-slip tiles.
8 min readRead Guide →
Performance
Water Absorption Ratings
What porosity means for tile selection in wet areas and outdoor applications.
6 min readRead Guide →
Durability
Load Bearing & Breaking Strength
How to select tiles based on traffic patterns and load requirements.
7 min readRead Guide →
Environmental
Frost Resistance & Thermal Properties
Selecting materials for outdoor use and extreme temperature conditions.
5 min readRead Guide →
Aesthetics
Surface Finishes Guide
Matt, polished, structured, and specialty finishes - when to use each.
6 min readRead Guide →
Performance
Chemical Resistance
Understanding chemical resistance ratings for industrial and healthcare settings.
5 min readRead Guide →

Featured: Slip Resistance Standards

Understanding R-Ratings

The R-rating system (DIN 51130) measures slip resistance for workplaces. It's determined by testing the angle at which a person walking on an oiled surface begins to slip.

RatingAngleTypical Applications
R96° - 10°Dry indoor areas, offices, lobbies
R1010° - 19°Bathrooms, kitchens, entrances
R1119° - 27°Commercial kitchens, food processing
R1227° - 35°Industrial kitchens, dairies
R13>35°Extreme wet/oily conditions

Barefoot Areas (ABC Rating)

For barefoot wet areas like pools and showers, use the ABC rating system (DIN 51097):

  • Class A: Dry walking areas, changing rooms
  • Class B: Shower floors, pool surrounds
  • Class C: Pool steps, sloped edges, water features

Pendulum Test Value (PTV)

The pendulum test (BS 7976) provides another measurement of slip potential:

  • PTV <25: High slip potential
  • PTV 25-35: Moderate slip potential
  • PTV >36: Low slip potential (recommended)

Water Absorption Classifications

Water absorption indicates how porous a tile is. Lower absorption means better frost resistance and suitability for wet areas.

GroupAbsorptionTypeUse
BIa<0.5%PorcelainAll areas, outdoor, pools
BIb0.5% - 3%StonewareIndoor wet areas
BIIa3% - 6%EarthenwareIndoor dry areas
BIIb6% - 10%EarthenwareWalls only
BIII>10%Wall tileInterior walls only

Pro Tip

For outdoor applications and frost-prone areas, always specify Group BIa (porcelain) with water absorption <0.5% to ensure freeze-thaw durability.

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