Master Material Specifications
In-depth guides to help you understand technical specifications and make informed material selections.
Featured: Slip Resistance Standards
Understanding R-Ratings
The R-rating system (DIN 51130) measures slip resistance for workplaces. It's determined by testing the angle at which a person walking on an oiled surface begins to slip.
| Rating | Angle | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|
| R9 | 6° - 10° | Dry indoor areas, offices, lobbies |
| R10 | 10° - 19° | Bathrooms, kitchens, entrances |
| R11 | 19° - 27° | Commercial kitchens, food processing |
| R12 | 27° - 35° | Industrial kitchens, dairies |
| R13 | >35° | Extreme wet/oily conditions |
Barefoot Areas (ABC Rating)
For barefoot wet areas like pools and showers, use the ABC rating system (DIN 51097):
- Class A: Dry walking areas, changing rooms
- Class B: Shower floors, pool surrounds
- Class C: Pool steps, sloped edges, water features
Pendulum Test Value (PTV)
The pendulum test (BS 7976) provides another measurement of slip potential:
- PTV <25: High slip potential
- PTV 25-35: Moderate slip potential
- PTV >36: Low slip potential (recommended)
Water Absorption Classifications
Water absorption indicates how porous a tile is. Lower absorption means better frost resistance and suitability for wet areas.
| Group | Absorption | Type | Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| BIa | <0.5% | Porcelain | All areas, outdoor, pools |
| BIb | 0.5% - 3% | Stoneware | Indoor wet areas |
| BIIa | 3% - 6% | Earthenware | Indoor dry areas |
| BIIb | 6% - 10% | Earthenware | Walls only |
| BIII | >10% | Wall tile | Interior walls only |
Pro Tip
For outdoor applications and frost-prone areas, always specify Group BIa (porcelain) with water absorption <0.5% to ensure freeze-thaw durability.
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